The roots for the evolution
of operations management is Industrial Revolution. Production systems started
well before during construction of Great Wall of China, Egyptian pyramids.
1.
Industrial
Revolution:
It gave rise to craftsmen.
They have following features:
a) Highly skilled
b) Small scale
production( No economies of scale)
c) Slow production
d) High cost
Small companies
evolution. They have following features:
a) Standardisation
of process
b) Creation of
employment opportunities
c) High growth
2.
Scientific
Management:
Winslow Taylor,
who is father of scientific management believed in planning, training of
employees, co-operation. Scientific management gave rise to:
a) Maximizing output
b) Division of
labour
c) Work design
d) Mass production
e) Spare parts
3.
Human
Resource Management:
This era gave
rise to motivational theory like Abraham Maslow motivational theory, Douglas
McGregor theory X and theory Y. it gave rise to:
a) Rewarding
employees/Punishment
b) Short-term
employment
c) Individual
decision making
d) Hierarchy
structure
4.
Decision
models and Management science:
It has
development of several quantitative techniques and mathematical models for
inventory management. It resulted in:
a) Forecasting
b) Inventory
management
c) Project
management
d) Other areas of operations
management that is supply chain management, Quality management etc.,
e) Wide spread of
technology in production process
5.
Influence
of Japanese manufacturers:
Japanese
manufacturers developed many management practices to improve the efficiency and
productivity. They introduced:
a) Just –in- Time
production
b) Continuous
improvement
c) Kaizen
d) Lean
manufacturing etc.,
Japanese Car manufacturers
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